Bookbinder casing and method of making same



Jan. 11, 1938. F. s. SCHADE BOOKBINDER CASING AND METHOD OF MHKING SAME' Filed May 5, 1957 l 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR ATTORNEYS BOOKBINDER CASI NG AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME Filed May 5, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR jkfl/WKAS 741v: e7 455/1495 BY ATTORNEYS its Patented Jan. 11, 1938 V 1 PATENTOFFICE nooknmmm CASING Ami Mn'rnon or.

' 'MAKING SAME Frank Stanley Schade, Holyoke, assigncr to National Blank Book'Company, Holyoke, Mass, a corporation of-Massachusetts Application May 5, 1937, Serial No. 140,783

5 Claims.

This invention relates to an improvement in casings for loose leaf binders and method of forming the casings with pockets.

In the best form of the invention that I have 5 conceived forpractical use, the casing is made according to my prior Patent 2,051,908 of August.

25, 1936, and the improvement consists in forming pockets in the casings simultaneously with the formation'of the casing andwithout any substantially increased cost beyond the mere cost of a small amount ofadditional'material for the pocket construction. That iis to say, the same economical method of making a good casing maybe used under this invention to include thepo'cket. making operation without increasin the machine or labor cost of thecasing. There is of course the added :and small cost of additional material for the pocket, but this alone is so small that I can make the casings'with pockets at almost the same cost as the casings before my inventionwere made without pockets. There is not enough difference in cost to cause any necessary increase in price to the purchaser. The inventionis disclosed by the accompanying drawings and followingdescription.

Fig. I is a plan view of acasing in flat/form, made according to the invention, parts being broken: away to show the inner construction;

' Fig. 2is an end view: of the casing skeleton with pocket parts; V 1 1 Fig- 3 is a fragmentary perspective view on a larger. scale; with parts broken away, showing the skeleton assembled; l i

Fig; 4 is a plan view," with parts broken away, showing the completed skeleton; and

Fig. 5' is a. diagrammatic view showing the preferred manner-of carrying out the" method.

In the drawings, the scaleo'f the parts has been exaggerated, particularly as to the thickness; to make the construction clear.

Comparison withthe disclosure ofmy aforesaid Patent 2,051,908 will show that the disclosure madeherein is the same with the exception of the insertion of pocket strips of material and the making of the finished casing with instead of'without pockets. I will also mention one or two useful modifications wherein the pocket making problem is solved with variations.

Referring to Figs. 2-4, the construction of the binder casing starts with two plies of thin card- "board H1 and H, which? both have the overall dimensions'of the binder to be built; The ply III which will lie inside the completed binder "and will be referred to as the inner ply is perforated, scored, or otherwiseweakened alongv two sets of parallel lines |2--l2' and l3|3'. The perforation lines I2 and I3 lie along the edges of the back panel portion M of the binder case, and the lines It! and I3 define the inner edges of the side panels l and 16. Those portions 22 of the inner ply l0 which lie between each set of adjacent perforation lines l2--I2' and l3l3' are used to provide a hinge zone in the completed binder in a manner which will be later described.

In the back panelportion l4 between the plies l0 and II I insert a stay or strip ll of thin metal extending from thetop to the bottom of the binder case and; slightly less in width than the back panel portion. This stay I! has rivet holes It provided in it to allow for subsequent attachment of the ringmechanism. To fasten the stay, I cement it to both plies of the back panel portion 14, carrying the cement to perforation lines l2 and I3 so that-the stay is completely incorporated in the back panel portion.

Adjacent the perforation lines l2 and I3 and between the plies l0 and l I I insert a set of stays l9, slightly narrower than I! but likewise ex- 7 tending from the top to thebottom of the casing. However, in this case I cement the strips I9 to the outer ply I I only and donot cement the side panel portions l5 and [6 of the separate plies together (see Fig. 2). These strips l9 serve to reenforce the side .panel members against the thrust of the ring mechanism.when the completed binder is in closed position.

As a final operation before the skeleton of the binder is ready for the case making machine I provide fora pocket in the side panel l5 of the inner ply. I0. To do this I cement a cardboard strip along the outer edge of the panel l5, the cement'bein-g applied along the short edge 2! of the inner ply I0 only. This leaves the cardboard strip attached like a flap to the outer edge of the side panel l5. As this flap provides the pocket in the binder, ink, paint, or other coloring material is applied to the surface of the inner ply Ill from the point where the flap is attached to a slight distance beyond the open end of the flap. Thus, the completed pocket will have a lining matching the rest of the binder cover paper.

The skeleton is placed as a unit in a casemaking machine which pastes a suitable cover sheet 23 to the outer face of ply I I, then folds the edge 50 portions 24 around the edges. of the plies Ill and and three edges of the cardboard flap 20 (see Fig. 4), and pastes the folded edges down.-

The cardboard flap 2!! has now been attached to the ply I 05 along the outer-edge of panel I5 55 and is closed along its two shorter edges by the edge portions 24 of the cover sheet 23. In this manner I have provided a pocket with its opening 25 towards the back panel portion I4 of the binder case.

This is the preferred form to obtain the utmost in economy of pocket construction. ,However, if a sturdier construction is desired at slightly higher cost per unit, I cement a stay of kraft paper along the short edges of the pocket before the cover sheet 23 is applied. This insures that the pocket will not tear loose along the turned edges 24 of the cover paper.

The portions 22 of the inner ply I0 lying between the perforation lines I 2-I2 and I3-I3 are now removed, the ends being slipped out from under the edges 24 of the cover sheet 23. The side panel portions I5 and I6 of inner ply III are now held in position only by the edges 24 of the cover sheet and may slip slightly relative to the corresponding panels of ply II.

The portions of ply I I uncovered by removal of strips 22 serve as hinge lines or zones to allow the side panels I5 and I6 to be opened or closed as the book is used, the relative motion of the side panel pieces I5 and I B of each ply I0 and II serving to facilitate this motion.

A single lining sheet 30 is pasted over the back panel portion and the side panels of ply III, including the pocket of panel I5. The opening 25 of the pocket is then freed by slitting the liner sheet. The back panel portion I4 may then be pressed to a curved shape or left flat and the ring mechanism 35 installed to complete the ring binder shown in Fig. 1.

The particular construction used in applying the liner sheet and ring mechanism can of course be varied to provide a ring binder of higher quality. For instance, a liner sheet may be applied from the free edge of panel I6 to the opening 25 of the pocket. A separate liner may then be pasted to the pocket extending from the outer edge of panel I 5 with a portion of the liner sheet turned under the pocket edge 25 to present a neater appearance.

In a still more expensive type I can use a separate lining sheet of heavy paper or fabric for the back panel portion I4, making it wide enough to just overlap the hinge zone on each panel. Then suitable lining sheets may be applied to each side panel. This construction is in many ways most desirable where the binder suffers rough usage as the hinge line of the side panels is materially strengthened.

Of course many variations of methods of applying the lining sheets will occur to those skilled in the art and I in no way limit myself to the particular arrangement described.

I carry out my construction method with cardboard plies and reenforcing strips in web form, as shown diagrammatically in Fig. 5. In that figure, cardboard plies I0 and II and flap 20 are fed from supply rolls not shown between presser rolls 40 and 4!. The perforation lines I2-I2' and I3--I3 are made by asuitable Wheel 42' before the ply II! passes through the rolls. Similarly cement is applied to the web 20 by roll 42, roll 43 being merely a supporting roll for that portion of the web 20to which adhesive is not applied. The metal strips I I and I9 are fed in proper spaced relation through the presser rolls 4!] and 4| from suitable supply reels, as indicated. Adhesive is applied to both sides of strip I! and the under side only of strips I9 by the rolls 44. Thus, strip I I adheres to both plies I II and II,

while strips I9 adhere to ply II only. Punches 46 make the rivet holes I8 in strip I'I before the latter enters the rolls 40 and 4|, and a suitable cutting tool 41 cuts off the webs into units having the structure of Fig. 2.

As will be appreciated from the above description and drawings, by my invention I have provided for an improved ring binder which can be manufactured in quantities at low cost but which has the more desirable features not found in this class of product in the cheaper quality binders. The incorporation of a pocket in the side panel of a binder has always been desirable, but special operations have heretofore been necessary, which so increased the cost per unit as to make this feature unavailable in all but the expensive ring binders. What I want to particularly emphasize is that by using the method outlined above it is possible to incorporate the pocket in the binder and keep the additional cost down to little more than the cost of the pocket material itself.

What I claim is:

1. The method of making loose leaf binders which consists in simultaneously feeding strips of cardboard of indefinite length from rolls, at least one of said strips having a width equal to the overall width of the binders to be built and at least one of which has a width equal to the width of a pocket to be built on the inside face of one of the binder cover portions, the outer edge of the latter strip being fed in alignment with an outer edge of the cover portion and with the strip contacting the inside face of such portion, and also simultaneously feeding from a roll a narrow strip of stiffening material in line with the cardboard back panel portion of the binders to be built, progressively fastening the outer edge portions of the cardboard strips and the strip of stiffening material to the back panel portion by passing the same through pressure rollers, progressively cutting off said laminated and fastened strips in lengths equal to the height of the binders to be built, and then laying on the outside face of each cut-oil skeleton binder a layer of cover material with edges extending beyond the overall dimension of the skeleton so as to turn over all around on the inside margin of the skeleton, turning over and fastening such edge portions around the overall dimensions of the binder skeleton and finishing the binder by laying on usual lining strips on the inside face but without permanently closing the open end of the then formed pocket.

2. The method of making loose leaf binders composed of plies of cardboard having the overall flat dimensions of the casing to be built which comprises securing said plies together over those portions only of the plies which are to become the back panel of the casing, cementing a narrow cardboard ply with one long edge along one short edge of the inner ply, applying a cover sheet to the exposed face of the outer ply, said sheet being of greater overall dimensions than the casing, turning over and cementing the edge portions of the cover sheet to the exposed face of the inner ply and along three edges of the narrow ply, removing a narrow strip of the inner ply adjacent each side of the back panel portion of the inner ply, applying a single lining sheet covering the inner ply and exposed edge of the narrow cardboard strip, and then slitting the lining sheet along the uncemented long edge of the narrow cardboard strip to form a pocket.

3. The method of making loose leaf binders composed of plies of cardboard having the overall fiat dimensions of the casing to be built, which comprises securing said plies together over those portions only of the plies which are to become the back panel of the casing, cementing a narrow cardboard ply with one long edge along one short outer edge of the inner ply, applying a cover sheet to the exposed face of the outer ply, said sheet being of greater over all dimensions than the casing, turning over and cementing the edge portions of the cover sheet to the exposed face of the inner ply and along three edges of the narrow ply, removing a narrow strip of the inner ply adjacent each side of the back panel portion of the inner ply to form a hinge zone, applying a heavy lining sheet to the back panel portion of the inner ply, said heavy lining sheet extending beyond the removed portion of the inner ply, and then applying separate lining sheets to those portions of the inner ply separated from the back panel portion thereof without covering the exposed edge of the narrow cardboard strip cemented to the inner ply.

4. The method of making loose leaf binders which consists in simultaneously feeding strips or webs of cardboard of indefinite length from rolls, with the strips in alignment along one edge, the width of at least two of the webs being equal to the overall width of the binder, and at least one of which has a width equal to the width of a pocket to be built on the'inside face of one of the binder cover portions, perforating one of said wider webs in a manner torp'ermit subsequent removal of a portion thereof along narrow zones defining the long edges of the back panel portion of the binder, inserting continuously between the wider webs thin strips of stiffening material in those portions of the webs which are to become the back and side panels of the casing, cementing both webs to the stiffener in the back panel portion, cementing the stifi'eners in the side panel portions to one of the two webs only to form a, composite web, cementing said narrower web to the wider web along the aligned edge, transversely severing from said web a length substantially equal to the desired overall length of the casing, applying a cover sheet to the outside face of each severed length with the edges of the cover sheet extending beyond the overall dimensions of the severed length, folding the edge portions of the cover sheet around the exposed edges of the severed webs, and cementing said edge portions to the exposed face of the webs, removing the portion of the wide perforated web lying between said perforations'and applying the usual lining strips without closing the open end of the pocket formed by the severed length of narrow web.

5. In a loose leaf binder, a casing structure composing outer back and side panel members formed as an integral sheet, a thin reenforcing strip secured to the inner face of the back panel portion of said sheet, an inner back panel member secured to the reenforcing strip to enclose said strip between the back panel members, inner side panel members having their respective top, bottom, and outer side edges coinciding with the corresponding edges of the side panel portions of said sheet, the inner side edges of said inner side panels being spaced from the side edges of the inner back panel member to form a hinge zone, stiffening strips positioned between the side panel members adjacent said hinge zones, said stiffeners being cemented to only one of the side panel members between which they are positioned; a sheet of pocket material extending from the top to the bottom of the casing structure along the edge of one inner side panel portion, said pocket sheet being narrower than the side panel portion with its outer long edge cemented to the outer edge of the side panel portion, a cover sheet having its edge portions folded over and secured to the inner side panel members and pocket member to hold the side panel members in position and close the short edges of the pocket, and a lining sheet extending across the inner face of the binder casing but not closing the open edge of the pocket. FRANK STANLEY SCHADE. 

